Three Judges Bench

A collection of 24 posts

Important 2025

Life Insurance Corporation of India v. Vita; 2025 INSC 1419 - Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants) Act vs Rent Control Acts

Read Judgment In LawLens Note You can read our notes on this judgment in our Supreme Court Daily Digests. If you are our subscriber, you should get it in our Whatsapp CaseCiter Community at about 9pm on every working day. If you are not our subscriber yet, you can register

Criminal

Kaushal Singh Vs State Of Rajashtan 2025 INSC 871 - Bail - Strictures Against Judicial Officers

Kaushal Singh Vs State Of Rajashtan 2025 INSC 871 - Bail - Strictures Against Judicial OfficersKaushal Singh Vs State Of Rajashtan 2025 INSC 871 - Bail - Strictures Against Judicial Officers.pdf324 KBdownload-circle note We make notes on all Supreme Court judgments for our subscribers’ community consisting of judges, lawyers

Taxation

Shital Fibers Limited vs Commissioner of Income Tax 2025 INSC 743 - S. 80IA Income Tax Act

Income Tax Act 1961 - Section 80-IA - If a deduction of profits and gains under Section 80-IA is claimed and allowed, the deduction to the extent of such profits and gains in any other provision under the heading ‘C’ is not allowed. The deduction to the extent allowed under

Advocates Act

Jitender @ Kalla vs State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi) 2025 INSC 667 - Senior Advocate Designation - Modified Directions

Senior Advocate Designation - Directions issued: (i) The directions contained in paragraph 73.7 of Indira Jaising-1 as amended by Indira Jaising-2 shall not be implemented; (ii) It will be appropriate if all the High Courts frame Rules in terms of what is held in this decision within a period

Criminal

Irfan Alias Bhayu Mevati Vs State Of Madhya Pradesh 2025 INSC 150 - DNA Report - Death Penalty Matter

Indian Evidence Act 1872 - Section 45 -DNA report - The DNA evidence is in the nature of opinion evidence as envisaged under Section 45 and like any other opinion evidence, its probative value varies from case to case- mere exhibiting a document, would not prove its contents- Referred to

Constitutional Law

Dr. Tanvi Behl vs Shrey Goel 2025 INSC 125 - Residence-Based Reservation In PG Medical Courses

Constitution of India - Article 14 - Residence-based reservation is impermissible in PG Medical courses - Reservation at the higher level on the basis of ‘residence’ would be violative of Article 14 of the Constitution of India- If such a reservation is permitted then it would be an invasion on

Indian Evidence Act 1872 : Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023

2025 INSC 116 Chandrabhan Sudam Sanap Vs State Of Maharashtra - Death Sentence Acquittal - S 65B Evidence Act -Extra Judicial Confession

Indian Evidence Act 1872 - Section 65B- Certificate under Section 65-B(4) is a condition precedent to the admissibility of evidence by way of electronic record (Para 49) - Objection about Section 65-B(4) of the Indian Evidence Act, not being complied, cannot be taken at the appellate stage since

Death Penalty

Sambhubhai Raisangbhai Padhiyar vs State Of Gujarat 2024 INSC 987 - Death Sentence Commuted - S 106 Evidence Act - S 53A CrPC - Ss 29,30 POCSO

Indian Evidence Act 1872 - Section 106 -If the accused is last seen with the deceased and particularly in a case of this nature when the time gap between the last seen stage and occurrence of death is so short, the accused must offer a plausible explanation as to how

NDPS Act

Bharti Arora vs State Of Haryana 2024 INSC 976- Ss 36A, 58,69 NDPS Act

Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act 1985 -Section 36-A(5), 58 - For convicting a person under Section 58 of the NDPS Act, he/she must be tried summarily- Special Judge could not have conducted the proceedings against the present appellant for the offence punishable under Section 58 of the

Constitutional Law

State Of Maharashtra Vs Pradeep Yashwant Kokade 2024 INSC 947- Writ Petition - Delay In Death Penalty Executions

Constitution Of India - Article 21 - ❓Can a death convict approach Supreme Court or High Court citing undue, unexplained and inordinate delay in execution of the sentence of death? Constitution Of India - Article 32,226 -Undue, unexplained and inordinate delay in execution of the sentence of death will

Judicial Service Exams

Sonal Gupta vs Registrar General, Rajasthan High Court 2024 INSC 830- Rajasthan Judicial Service Exams

Rajasthan Judicial Service Exams -The candidates who appeared for the main examination of the Rajasthan Civil Judge Cadre 2024 alleged that they have been awarded marks arbitrarily in the subjective exam paper, namely, the Language Paper – II (English Essay) which has led to them falling below the cut off marks

Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act

Rajive Raturi vs Union of India 2024 INSC 858 -Right of Persons with Disabilities Rules

Constitution of India - Article 21 -Right to dignity and the right to a meaningful life under Article 21 necessitate conditions that enable PWDs to enjoy the same freedoms and choices as others. Thus, the right to accessibility is foundational, enabling PWDs to exercise and benefit from other rights enshrined

Prevention of Corruption Act

State Of Karnataka Vs Chandrasha 2024 INSC 928 - Prevention Of Corruption Act

Prevention of Corruption Act - Section 20(3) - Triviality of the gratification, - The act sought or performed, and the amount demanded cannot be considered in isolation to each other. The value of gratification isto be considered in proportion to the act to be done or not done, to

Consumer Protection Act

Bar Of Indian Lawyers vs DK Gandhi - Consumer Protection Act - Reference

Consumer Protection Act - In Bar Of Indian Lawyers vs DK Gandhi, two judges bench doubted the correctness of the judgment in Indian Medical Association Vs. V.P. Shantha” (1995) 6 SCC 651 - Whether a ‘profession’ could be treated as ‘business’ or ‘trade’ and, therefore, covered within the ambit

Constitutional Law

In Re Manoj Tibrewal Akash - Road Widening Projects 2024 INSC 863- Demolition - Bulldozer Justice

Bulldozer Justice- Justice through bulldozers is unknown to any civilized system of jurisprudence. There is a grave danger that if high handed and unlawful behaviour is permitted by any wing or officer of the state, demolition of citizens’ properties will take place as a selective reprisal for extraneous reasons. Citizens’

Constitutional Law

Justice Shailendra Singh vs Union of India 2024 INSC 862 - HC Judges - Conditions of Service - Retiral Dues

Constitution of India 1950 - Article 221 - (i) The High Courts are constitutional institutions and upon appointment as judges of the High Court, all judges, irrespective of the source from which they are drawn, partake the character of holders of constitutional offices in equal measure; (ii) Neither Article 221(

Specific Relief Act

Siddamsetty Infra Projects Pvt. Ltd. vs Katta Sujatha Reddy 2024 INSC 861 - SC Rules - Review - S 52 TP Act - Lis Pendens - Contract Law - Specific Performance

Case Details Case name: Siddamsetty Infra Projects Pvt. Ltd. vs Katta Sujatha Reddy Coram: CJI DY Chandrachud, Justices JB Pardiwala and Manoj Misra Citation: 2024 INSC 861 Transfer of Property Act 1882 - Section 52 -The following conditions ought to be fulfilled for the doctrine of lis pendens to apply:

Mineral (Other than Atomic and Hydrocarbons Energy Minerals) Concession Rules

Kirloskar Ferrous Industires Limited vs Union Of India 2024 INSC 848 - MCR - MCDR -Royalty Computation

Mineral (Other than Atomic and Hydrocarbons Energy Minerals) Concession Rules, 2016 (MCR)- Explanation to Rule 38 ; Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 2017 (MCDR) - Explanation to Rule 45(8)(a) - Validity of stipulation that computation of royalty to be levied for the extraction or consumption of mined ores-

Customs Act

Commissioner of Customs vs Canon India Pvt. Ltd. 2024 INSC 854 - Article 137 Constitution - Review - Customs Act

Customs Act 1962- Section 28(11)- Constitutional Validity upheld- Its application is not limited to the period between 08.04.2011 and 16.09.2011. (Para 155) Finance Act 2022 - Section 97 - Constitutional Validity upheld. (Para 167) Constitution of India - Article 137 ; Supreme Court Rules, 2013

Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996

GOQII Technologies Private Limited vs Sokrati Technologies Private Limited 2024 INSC 853 - S 11 Arbitration Act

Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 - Section 11 -The scope of inquiry under Section 11 of the Act, 1996 is limited to ascertaining the prima facie existence of an arbitration agreement - Frivolity in litigation too is an aspect which the referral court should not decide at the stage of

Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996

Arif Azim Co. Ltd vs Micromax Informatics FZE 2024 INSC 850 - Arbitration - Seat & Venue Controversy

Arbitration & Conciliation Act 1996 - (i) Part I of the Act, 1996 and the provisions thereunder only applies where the arbitration takes place in India i.e., where either (I) the seat of arbitration is in India OR (II) the law governing the arbitration agreement are the laws of

Section 11 Arbitration Act

Aslam Ismail Khan Deshmukh vs ASAP Fluids Pvt. Ltd 2024 INSC 849 - S.11 Arbitration Act - Limitation

Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996- Section 11(6) - While determining the issue of limitation in the exercise of powers under Section 11(6) of the Act, 1996, the referral court must only conduct a limited enquiry for the purpose of examining whether the Section 11(6) application has been

Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act

Om Rathod vs Director General of Health Services 2024 INSC 836 - Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act - Reasonable Accomodation

Constitution of India -Articles 21, 19, 14 and 15 - Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 - Reasonable accommodation is a gateway right to avail all other fundamental, human and legal rights for persons with disabilities. Non-availability of reasonable accommodation amounts to discrimination and violates substantive equality of persons

Three Judges Bench

Nabha Power Limited vs Punjab State Power Corporation Limited 2024 INSC 833 - Contract - Customs Act

Contract Law - The golden rule of interpretation is that the words of a contract should be construed in their grammatical and ordinary sense, except to the extent that some modification is necessary in order to avoid absurdity, inconsistency or repugnancy- Similarly, any invocation of the business efficacy test as